Hauv lub neej niaj hnub, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li smartphones thiab smartwatches tau dhau los ua tus khub tsis tseem ceeb. Cov cuab yeej no tau dhau los ua me me tab sis muaj zog dua. Koj puas tau xav paub dab tsi ua rau lawv cov evolution tsis tu ncua? Cov lus teb yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor, thiab niaj hnub no, peb tsom mus rau ib qho ntawm cov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv - sapphire siv lead ua.
Sapphire siv lead ua, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm α-Al₂O₃, muaj peb lub pa oxygen atoms thiab ob lub txhuas atoms sib koom ua ke, tsim cov qauv hexagonal lattice. Thaum nws zoo li lub pov haum-qib sapphire nyob rau hauv tsos, muaj sapphire crystals hais txog kev ua tau zoo dua. Chemically inert, nws yog insoluble nyob rau hauv dej thiab resistant rau acids thiab alkalis, ua raws li ib tug "tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj" uas tswj stability nyob rau hauv hnyav ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws nthuav tawm qhov pom kev pom zoo heev, tso cai rau lub teeb kis tau zoo; muaj zog thermal conductivity, tiv thaiv overheating; thiab zoo heev hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, kom ruaj khov teeb liab kis tau tus mob yam tsis muaj to. Mechanically, sapphire boasts Mohs hardness ntawm 9, thib ob tsuas yog pob zeb diamond, ua rau nws hnav-thiab yaig-resistant-zoo tagnrho rau kev thov.
Cov riam phom zais cia hauv Chip Manufacturing
(1) Cov khoom tseem ceeb rau cov chips qis zog
Raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov mus rau kev ua haujlwm me me thiab kev ua haujlwm siab, cov chips qis zog tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Chiv tsoos raug kev txom nyem los ntawm rwb thaiv tsev degradation ntawm nanoscale thicknesses, ua rau tam sim no to tam sim no, muaj zog noj, thiab overheating, uas cuam tshuam rau stability thiab lifespan.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Shanghai Institute of Microsystem thiab Information Technology (SIMIT), Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, tau tsim cov khoom siv dag zog sapphire dielectric wafers siv hlau-intercalated oxidation technology, hloov ib leeg-crystal aluminium rau ib leeg-crystal alumina (sapphire). Ntawm 1 nm thickness, cov khoom no nthuav tawm ultra-low to tam sim no, outperforming pa amorphous dielectrics los ntawm ob qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj hauv lub xeev txo qhov ntom ntom thiab txhim kho kev sib txuas zoo nrog 2D semiconductors. Kev koom ua ke no nrog 2D cov ntaub ntawv ua rau cov chips tsis muaj zog, txuas ntxiv roj teeb lub neej hauv smartphones thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg hauv AI thiab IoT daim ntawv thov.
(2) Tus khub zoo meej rau Gallium Nitride (GaN)
Hauv thaj chaw semiconductor, gallium nitride (GaN) tau tshwm sim los ua lub hnub qub ci ntsa iab vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb zoo. Raws li ib tug dav-bandgap semiconductor cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib tug bandgap ntawm 3.4 eV - loj tshaj silicon's 1.1 eV-GaN excels nyob rau hauv high-temperature, high-voltage, thiab high-frequency daim ntaub ntawv. Nws lub zog hluav taws xob siab thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog tawg ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab, siab kub, siab zaus, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab. Hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, GaN-raws li cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm ntawm ntau zaus nrog kev siv hluav taws xob qis, muab kev ua tau zoo hauv kev hloov hluav taws xob thiab kev tswj hluav taws xob. Hauv kev sib txuas lus hauv microwave, GaN ua kom muaj lub zog loj, cov khoom siv ntau zaus xws li 5G lub zog amplifiers, txhim kho cov teeb liab kis tau zoo thiab ruaj khov.
Sapphire siv lead ua yog suav tias yog "tus khub zoo meej" rau GaN. Txawm hais tias nws cov lattice mismatch nrog GaN yog siab dua li ntawm silicon carbide (SiC), sapphire substrates nthuav tawm qis thermal mismatch thaum GaN epitaxy, muab lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau GaN kev loj hlob. Tsis tas li ntawd, sapphire qhov zoo tshaj plaws thermal conductivity thiab optical transparency pab kom muaj cua sov dissipation nyob rau hauv high-power GaN pab kiag li lawm, ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev ua hauj lwm thiab lub teeb pom kev zoo tso zis efficiency. Nws superior hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev zog ntxiv txo cov teeb liab cuam tshuam thiab lub zog poob. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm sapphire thiab GaN tau coj mus rau kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej ua tau zoo, suav nrog GaN-raws li LEDs, uas tswj cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov khw muag khoom - los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev mus rau cov ntxaij vab tshaus loj sab nraum zoov - nrog rau cov laser diodes siv hauv kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag thiab kev ua laser precision.
XKH's GaN-on-sapphire wafer
Nthuav Cov Ciam Tebchaws ntawm Kev Siv Semiconductor
(1) "Cov ntaub thaiv npog" hauv kev siv tub rog thiab Aerospace
Cov cuab yeej siv hauv kev ua tub rog thiab aerospace feem ntau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, lub dav hlau tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, kub cosmic hluav taws xob, thiab cov teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev. Cov tub rog dav hlau, lub sijhawm no, lub ntsej muag qhov kub thiab txias tshaj 1,000 ° C vim cua sov aerodynamic thaum lub sij hawm khiav ceev, nrog rau cov neeg kho tshuab siab loads thiab electromagnetic cuam tshuam.
Sapphire Crystal cov khoom tshwj xeeb ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov teb no. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb kub-kub tsis kam-tiv taus txog li 2,045 ° C thaum tswj kev ua haujlwm zoo-ua kom ntseeg tau qhov kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv thermal stress. Nws cov hluav taws xob hardness tseem khaws cia ua haujlwm hauv cosmic thiab nuclear ib puag ncig, tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Cov cwj pwm no tau coj mus rau sapphire siv dav hauv qhov kub kub infrared (IR) qhov rais. Nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia missile systems, IR qhov rais yuav tsum tswj qhov pom kev pom tseeb nyob rau hauv huab cua kub thiab tshaj tawm kom paub meej lub hom phiaj raug. Sapphire-raws li IR qhov rais muab cov thermal stability nrog superior IR transmittance, ho txhim kho cov kev taw qhia precision. Hauv aerospace, sapphire tiv thaiv satellite optical systems, ua kom pom tseeb hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav.
XKH covsapphire optical qhov rais
(2) Lub Foundation tshiab rau Superconductors thiab Microelectronics
Nyob rau hauv superconductivity, sapphire ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug indispensable substrate rau superconducting nyias zaj duab xis, uas ua rau xoom-kuj conduction-revolutionizing fais fab kis, tsheb ciav hlau maglev, thiab MRI systems. High-performance superconducting films xav tau cov substrates nrog cov qauv lattice ruaj khov, thiab sapphire kev sib raug zoo nrog cov ntaub ntawv xws li magnesium diboride (MgB₂) tso cai rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab nrog kev txhim kho qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no thiab qhov tseem ceeb sib nqus. Piv txwv li, lub hwj chim cables siv sapphire-txhawb superconducting zaj duab xis ua rau kev txhim kho kev sib kis tau zoo los ntawm kev txo qis zog.
Hauv microelectronics, sapphire substrates nrog cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb crystallographic-xws li R-plane (<1-102>) thiab A-plane (<11-20>) - pab kom cov txheej txheem silicon epitaxial rau cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke (ICs). R-plane sapphire txo cov siv lead ua tsis xws luag hauv high-speed ICs, boosting kev khiav hauj lwm ceev thiab stability, thaum A-plane sapphire insulating zog thiab uniform permittivity optimize hybrid microelectronics thiab high-temperature superconductor kev koom ua ke. Cov substrates no underpin core chips hauv kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev sib txuas lus hauv kev sib txuas lus.
XKH'sAlN-on-NPSS Wafer
Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Sapphire Crystal hauv Semiconductors
Sapphire twb tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thoob plaws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, los ntawm kev tsim cov chips mus rau aerospace thiab superconductors. Raws li thev naus laus zis nce qib, nws lub luag haujlwm yuav nthuav dav ntxiv. Hauv kev txawj ntse txawj ntse, sapphire-txhawb qis-lub zog, cov chips ua haujlwm siab yuav tsav AI kev nce qib hauv kev kho mob, kev thauj mus los, thiab nyiaj txiag. Hauv kev suav quantum, sapphire cov khoom siv tau tso nws ua tus neeg sib tw muaj txiaj ntsig rau qubit kev koom ua ke. Lub caij no, GaN-on-sapphire cov cuab yeej yuav ua tau raws li qhov xav tau nce ntxiv rau 5G / 6G kev sib txuas lus kho vajtse. Tsiv mus tom ntej, sapphire yuav nyob twj ywm lub hauv paus ntawm semiconductor innovation, powering tib neeg txoj kev vam meej technology.
XKH's GaN-on-sapphire epitaxial wafer
XKH muab precision-engineered sapphire optical qhov rais thiab GaN-on-sapphire wafer kev daws teeb meem rau kev txiav-ntug. Leveraging proprietary siv lead ua kev loj hlob thiab nanoscale polishing technologies, peb muab ultra-flat sapphire qhov rais nrog tshwj xeeb kis tau tus mob los ntawm UV rau IR spectra, zoo tagnrho rau aerospace, tiv thaiv, thiab high-power laser systems.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis 18-2025